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Uterine Fibroids and Adenomyosis

Uterine fibroid is a benign condition characterized by the growth of the connective tissues or muscles through the uterus wall. Fibroids may be in clusters or present as a single nodule. Adenomyosis is a condition that involves the growth of the tissues lining the uterus into the uterine muscular wall.

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  • Uterine Fibroid Diagnosis: Uterine fibroid diagnosis is initiated with a pelvic examination. Further tests are recommended if there is a suspicion of any irregularity in uterine shape. The patients may undergo laboratory tests and ultrasounds. The laboratory tests include blood tests to rule out anemia, clotting disorders, and thyroid disease. Ultrasound is also used for diagnosing and measuring uterine fibroids. Other imaging tests for diagnosing and monitoring uterine fibroids include hysterosonography, MRI, hysteroscopy, and hysterosalpingography.
  • Uterine Fibroid Treatment: There are several treatment options for uterine fibroids. Women with no signs or symptoms are not recommended any treatment but are kept under monitoring. The medications used to manage uterine fibroids block the synthesis of progesterone and estrogen. Certain medicated intrauterine devices also reduce heavy bleeding. The surgical interventions include radiofrequency ablation, uterine artery embolization, hysteroscopic myomectomy, endometrial ablation, and robotic or laparoscopic myomectomy.
  • Adenomyosis Diagnosis: Several other conditions mimic the symptoms of adenomyosis, making the diagnosis difficult. These conditions include endometriosis, fibroid tumors, and uterine lining polyps. Adenomyosis is diagnosed through an exclusion strategy by ruling out other causes of symptoms. The diagnosis of adenomyosis is based on symptoms, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and a comprehensive pelvic examination.
  • Adenomyosis Treatment: Adenomyosis treatment depends upon the patient's age, as adenomyosis generally goes away as women reach menopause. Medications include analgesics to reduce pain and hormonal and non-hormonal medications to relieve heavy bleeding. The patients may also undergo surgical interventions, such as the removal of the uterine fibroids and the removal of the uterus.