The mesenteric artery supplies blood to the small intestine, large intestine, spleen, hepatobiliary system, proximal small bowel, proximal, middle colon, distal colon, and rectum. The types of diseases related to the mesenteric vasculature are mesenteric artery embolism, mesenteric artery thrombosis, mesenteric vein thrombosis, and non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia.