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Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy strengthens the immune system of the body to fight against cancer cells. It either stimulates the immune system or makes the cancer cells more vulnerable to attack by immune cells. It may be used alone to treat some cancers. However, a combination of immunotherapy with other treatment options is more effective for other cancer types.

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  • Multiple Types of Immunotherapy: Several types of immunotherapy drugs are used to treat different cancer types. Checkpoints are present in the immune system that prevent the immune cells from getting excessively active. Checkpoint inhibitor drugs block the inhibitor proteins and make the immune system highly active against cancer cells. Monoclonal antibodies are drugs that bind to a particular target on cancer cells and assist the immune system in detecting cancer cells. A treatment vaccine is another option for treating cancer, as it makes the immune system powerful against specific cancer cells. Immune system modulator drugs may strengthen the complete immune system or its specific parts.
  • Different Immunotherapy Delivery Options: Immunotherapy drugs can be delivered into the body in various ways. Oral immunotherapy delivers the drugs to the oral cavity through a tablet or capsule. These drugs may also be delivered into the body through injection (intravenous), skin (topical), or directly into the bladder (Intravesical).
  • Monitoring Efficacy: The doctors recommend several tests for the patients before and after immunotherapy. It allows them to monitor the condition of the patient and determine if immunotherapy is working against cancer. The efficacy of the treatment may be evaluated by performing a physical examination to detect a reduction in symptom severity. Patients may also expect blood tests in cases of blood-related malignancies. Imaging techniques are a useful tool to determine the efficacy of immunotherapy.
  • Types of Cancer Treated: Several types of cancer are treated with immunotherapy. In advanced-stage cancers, immunotherapy is usually combined with other treatment options, such as chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy. Immunotherapy is effective against cancers of the brain, cervical, breast, bladder, head and neck, colon, rectum, and esophagus.