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Nutrition

The Department of Nutrition at the Citizens Specialty Hospital provides comprehensive dietary recommendations to patients, especially those suffering from chronic diseases. The department also offers customized services for pediatric and pregnant women after assessing their nutritional status. Under Medical Nutritional Therapy, the nutritionists at the hospital prepare the dietary plans based on the inputs of the treating doctor.

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Some of the common nutritional deficiencies include:

  • Iron deficiency: People with iron deficiency experience fatigue, pale skin, dizziness, headache, and brittle nails.
  • Vitamin A deficiency: Hazy cornea, dry and inflamed eyes, night blindness, and dry and scaly skin are some symptoms of vitamin A deficiency.
  • Iodine deficiency: Deficiency of iodine results in muscle weakness, thinning of hair, weight gain, depression, goiter, impaired memory, fatigue, constipation, and irregular menstrual cycle.
  • Vitamin D deficiency: Deficiency of vitamin D causes improper growth of bones, joint deformities, muscle pain, and weak bones.
  • Vitamin B complex deficiency: Deficiency of:
    • Vitamin B1 causes beriberi, which is characterized by trouble breathing, inflammation, swelling in the feet, and cardiovascular problems,
    • Vitamin B2 causes increased sunlight sensitivity,
    • Vitamin B3 causes pellagra,
    • Vitamin B5 causes acne,
    • Vitamin B6 causes seborrhoeic dermatitis-like eruptions,
    • Vitamin B9 during pregnancy causes neural tube defects,
    • Vitamin B12 causes neurological problems and macrocytic anemia.
  • Zinc deficiency: Symptoms of zinc toxicity include lack of alertness, unintended weight loss, delayed wound healing, and loss of appetite.
  • Magnesium deficiency: Abnormal heart rhythm, weakness, irritability, diarrhea, and nausea are some of the symptoms of magnesium deficiency.
  • Calcium deficiency: Easy bone fractures, hallucinations, muscle cramps, numbness, brittle nails, depression, and memory loss or confusion.

The nutritionist advises several types of diets depending upon the requirement and underlying medical conditions. Some of them are the Keto diet, DASH diet, low-carb, purine or oxalate diet, diabetic diet, high-calorie, protein diet, weight gain or loss diet, pregnancy diet, and renal diet.

Diet plays an important part in the prevention and management of chronic diseases. Most chronic disease management guidelines recommend dietary modifications as one of the important steps toward managing the condition. Some diseases that can be prevented or managed by appropriate nutrition are cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, osteoporosis, and cancer.

Water is an important component of the human body and makes up about 50-70% of the human body weight. Drinking eight glasses or two liters of water every day is recommended to fulfill the body's requirements. However, the requirement may increase in hot and sweaty weather and after vigorous exercise.

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