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Heart Attack Treatment

Patients with heart attacks have reduced or blocked blood flow to the heart. This blockage may be due to the accumulation of cholesterol, fats, and other substances in the coronary arteries. As a result, patients experience chest pain, sweating, shortness of breath, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and indigestion. In addition, women may have sharp pain in the neck, back, and arm.

"Cardiology"

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How treatment manages heart attack

  • Reduction in blood clotting, thereby allowing blood flow through a narrowed artery
  • Breaking of the clots that are preventing blood flow
  • Widening of the blood vessels to allow smooth blood flow
  • Reduction in blood pressure and slowing heartbeat, thereby limiting damage to heart muscles
  • Lowering unhealthy cholesterol thereby reduces the risk of blockage

Treatment for heart attack

  • Medications: The doctor prescribes several medications depending upon the severity of the heart attack, the extent of blockage, and the presence of underlying risk factors. These medications assist in maintaining the blood flow through the arteries and prevent the recurrence of a heart attack.
  • Coronary angioplasty: In this procedure, the surgeon removes the blockage from the arteries. A wire with a deflated balloon is guided at the blockage site. The surgeon then inflates the balloon to widen the artery and improve blood flow. The surgeon also places a stent to reduce the risk of narrowing the artery again.
  • Atherectomy: Sometimes, the plaque in the arteries is so hard (due to calcification) that it is not removed through balloon angioplasty. The surgeon, in such cases, inserts a device in the artery to cut the plaque before balloon angioplasty and stenting.
  • Coronary artery bypass surgery: In cases such as multiple blockages, the doctor may advise the patient for bypass surgery. It is open heart surgery. In this surgery, the surgeon makes a new path for blood flow to the heart by taking a healthy vessel from another body part. It may also be performed as emergency surgery after a heart attack.
  • Cardiac rehabilitation: During cardiac rehabilitation, the patients are informed about the measures for improving heart health. The patients are advised to enroll in a cardiac rehabilitation program after heart surgery. It involves taking care of the heart through a healthy diet, routine exercise, and stress management.